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Field
A field in physics is a physical quantity assigned to every point in space and time, introduced to describe interactions that cannot be fully captured by forces acting instantaneously between separated objects. Instead of thinking…
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Drift Velocity
Drift velocity is a fundamental concept in electricity and solid-state physics that describes the average velocity with which charged particles move through a conductor when an electric field is applied. Although charges inside a metal—typically…
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Drift Current
Drift current is the net electric current that arises in a material when charged particles experience an external electric field and begin to move with an average velocity in the direction of that field. Even…
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Doppler Effect
The Doppler effect is a fundamental phenomenon that arises whenever there is relative motion between a wave source and an observer. It describes the change in the observed frequency and wavelength of a wave compared…
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Eddy Current
Eddy currents are circulating loops of electric charge that appear inside conductors whenever they experience a changing magnetic environment. They arise from one of the most fundamental principles in electromagnetism—Faraday’s law of induction—which states that…
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Elasticity
Elasticity is a fundamental concept in physics that describes how materials respond when forces act upon them, deforming their shape or size. When an external force stretches, compresses, twists, or bends an object, the material…
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Electric Current
Electric Current stands as one of the cornerstone ideas in physics and electrical science, forming the very foundation of how we understand the movement of charges in conductive pathways and the mechanisms by which energy…
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Electric Charge
Electric Charge stands as one of the deepest principles in physics, shaping how matter interacts and how the visible universe holds itself together. At the heart of every atom, every current, and every spark of…
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Displacement
Displacement is one of the most fundamental ideas in physics, yet it is also one of the most frequently misunderstood. At first glance, it may seem interchangeable with distance, but the two describe very different…
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Degree of Freedom
In physics, the degree of freedom stands as one of the most fundamental yet far-reaching ideas, connecting diverse branches such as mechanics, thermodynamics, quantum theory, and statistical mechanics. At its heart, this concept quantifies how…